What is the current situation with Covid-19?
The UK has been grappling with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic since March 2020. As well as the devastating health toll, the pandemic has severely disrupted economic activity with many businesses having to pause operations or shut down entirely.
At the beginning of January 2021, all of the UK nations went into lockdown for the third time since the pandemic began. However, the successful rollout of the vaccination programme is offering hope that normal life will resume by the summer. Prime Minister Boris Johnson has recently announced the government’s roadmap for lifting restrictions – with June 21 the provisional date for the full reopening of the economy. The phased approach to lifting restrictions is covered below.
There are a wide raft of support measures in place to assist businesses affected by the pandemic. These include:
- Business rates relief
- Bounce Back Loans for small and micro-businesses (to be replaced by the Recovery Loan Scheme from April 2021)
- The Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme
- VAT and Income Tax deferral periods
- Restart Grants to support High Street businesses to reopen
Summary of key announcements
The Chancellor has set out a “package of temporary, timely and targeted measures to support public services, people and businesses through this period of disruption caused by COVID-19.” This includes…
Lockdown and roadmap to reopening
Due to a significant rise in cases at the start of 2021, the government re-introduced lockdown restrictions in England similar to those in March 2020. The devolved governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland put in place similar restrictions.
At the end of February, the government announced its phased approach to lifting the lockdown restrictions in England. There are four steps to the roadmap which outline how the restrictions will be gradually lifted (subject to data at the time):
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Step 1
8 March
- Schools and colleges are open for all students. Practical Higher Education Courses.
- Recreation or exercise outdoors with household or one other person. No household mixing indoors.
- Wraparound childcare.
- Stay at home.
- Funerals (30), wakes and weddings (6)
29 March
- Rule of 6 or two households outdoors. No household mixing indoors.
- Outdoor sport and leisure facilities.
- Organised outdoor sport allowed (children and adults).
- Minimise travel. No holidays.
- Outdoor parent & child groups (up to 15 parents).
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Step 2
At least five weeks after Step 1, no earlier than 12 April.
- Indoor leisure (including gyms) open for use individually or within household groups.
- Rule of 6 or two households outdoors. No household mixing indoors.
- Outdoor attractions such as zoos, theme parks and drive-in cinemas.
- Libraries and community centres.
- Personal care premises.
- All retail.
- Outdoor hospitality.
- All children’s activities, indoor parent & child groups (up to 15 parents).
- Domestic overnight stays (household only).
- Self-contained accommodation (household only).
- Funerals (30), wakes, weddings and receptions (15).
- Minimise travel. No international holidays.
- Event pilots begin.
-
Step 3
At least five weeks after Step 2, no earlier than 17 May.
- Indoor entertainment and attractions.
- 30 person limit outdoors. Rule of 6 or two households (subject to review).
- Domestic overnight stays.
- Organised indoor adult sport.
- Most significant life events (30).
- Remaining outdoor entertainment (including performances).
- Remaining accommodation.
- Some large events (expect for pilots) – capacity limits apply.
- Indoor events: 1,000 or 50%.
- Outdoor other events: 4,000 or 50%.
- Outdoor seated events: 10,000 or 25%.
- International travel – subject to review.
-
Step 4
At least five weeks after Step 3, no earlier than 21 June. By Step 4, the Government hopes to be able to introduce the following (subject to review):
- No legal limits on social contact
- Nightclubs.
- Larger events.
- No legal limit on life events.
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme
In perhaps the most unprecedented measure, the government has announced it will step in to cover staff wages for any business affected by Covid-19.
The Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS) enables employers to furlough employees and apply for a grant that will cover a proportion of their wages.
- CJRS was first introduced back in March 2020 and has been tweaked at various points.
- Currently, the government will pay 80% of monthly wage costs (up to £2,500 a month). Employers will need to pay national insurance and pension contributions.
- The scheme has now been extended until 30 September 2021.
- From 1 July 2021, government contributions will drop to 70% (up to £2,187.50), employers paying the remaining 10% (up to £312.50).
- From 1 August 2021, government contributions will drop to 60% (up to £1,875), employers paying the remaining 20% (up to (£625)
- In February 2021, businesses will be able to claim a Jobs Retention Bonus of £1,000 for each employee who is bought back from furlough full time and been paid an average of at least £520 a month between 1 November 2020 and 31 January 2021.
To be eligible for the extension to CJRS, employees must have been on the payroll by 30 October 2020
The online portal for grant applications is open via GOV.UK.
Further details on the scheme and the eligibility criteria can be found on GOV.UK. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) have also produced this useful set of FAQs on the scheme.
Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme
The government has advised businesses experiencing serious disruption because of Covid-19 to check with their insurance provider to see if they are covered.
On GOV.UK it states: “Many businesses are unlikely to be covered, [because] most business interruption insurance policies are dependent on damage to property, which will exclude pandemics. Some businesses may have purchased a specific add-on relating to notifiable diseases, but some of these will still specify damage to the building. Some businesses may have purchased supply chain or denial of access cover, which may meet their needs in this case.”
As part of its spring budget in early March 2020, the government announced the setting up of a “new temporary Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (CBILS), delivered by the British Business Bank, to support businesses to access bank lending and overdrafts.”
Under CBILS, the “government will provide lenders with a guarantee of 80% on each loan (subject to a per-lender cap on claims) to give lenders further confidence in continuing to provide finance to SMEs.” The government won’t charge businesses or banks for the guarantee, and the scheme will support loans of up to £1.2m in value. “This new guarantee will initially support up to £1 billion of lending on top of current support offered through the British Business Bank.”
- The application deadline has now been extended until the end of March 2021.
- The loan length has been extended from 6 years to 10 years, enabling businesses to reduce their repayment liabilities.
- Businesses can also choose to just pay the interest for up to six months. Businesses suffering serious financial issues may be able to get repayments temporarily suspended too.
To apply, you can either speak to your bank or use Informi’s Funder Finder tool which features CBILS-accredited lenders.
From April 2021, the scheme will be placed by the Recovery Loan Scheme.
Bounce Back Loan scheme
Many businesses have struggled with the application process for CBILs and fall short of the eligibility criteria.
To address this, the government introduced the Bounce Back Loan scheme aimed at small and micro-businesses.
- Apply for a loan up to £50,000.
- 100% underwritten by the government.
- No fees or interest paid in the first 12 months.
- No need for credit checks or to validate the viability of your business.
As with CBILS, the government has announced that it will be relaxing some of the repayment terms in light of the continued disruption:
- The application deadline has now been extended until the end of March.
- The loan length has been extended from 6 years to 10 years, enabling businesses to reduce their repayment liabilities.
- Businesses can also choose to just pay the interest for up to six months. Businesses suffering serious financial issues may be able to get repayments temporarily suspended too.
The scheme is available through a growing list of high street banks and challenger banks. To apply, you should contact your bank in the first instance. More details can be found on GOV.UK.
From April 2021, the scheme will be placed by the Recovery Loan Scheme.
Video: Explaining CBILS and Bounce Back Loans
by Alternative Business Funding
Our partners Alternative Business Funding discuss the funding landscape for small businesses with reference to the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme and Bounce Back Loans.
Cuts to VAT for retail and hospitality
In a bid to restart the economy and boost consumer spending, the Chancellor has announced VAT will be cut from 20% to 5% for retail and hospitality businesses. The VAT cut will apply until 30 September 2021. After this, the rate will increase to 12.5% for a further six months. The following businesses will be able to benefit from the VAT cut:
- Cafes and restaurants
- Takeaways
- Pubs
- Hotels
- B&Bs
- Campsites and caravan sites
- Cinemas
How will businesses be helped with sick pay?
The government has announced that it will allow SMEs to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay paid for sickness absence because of Covid-19 (up to two weeks’ SSP per eligible employee).
Employees can get Statutory Sick Pay from their first day off work (usually they don’t get it for the first three days). So, all employees absent through Covid-19 will receive Statutory Sick Pay of £94.25 per week for two weeks and employers will be able to claim this back (the mechanism for which will be set up as soon as possible says the government).
Employers are advised by the government to maintain records of staff absences and SSP payments, but employees won’t need to provide a GP fit note.
Self-employed workers and freelancers will be able to access, in full, Universal Credit at a rate equivalent to Statutory Sick Pay for employees.
Which businesses will get a business rates holiday?
The government is to introduce a business rates retail holiday for the 2020/2021 tax year for businesses in the retail, hospitality and leisure sectors in England.
As explained on GOV.UK: “Businesses that received the retail discount in the 2019-2020 tax year will be re-billed by their local authority as soon as possible.”
- A £25,000 grant will be provided to retail, hospitality and leisure businesses operating from smaller premises, with a rateable value between £15,000 and £51,000.
Enquiries concerning eligibility or provision of the reliefs should be directed to your local authority.
In addition, the government has promised extra protection for commercial tenants facing eviction due to missed rent payments. The Chancellor confirmed: “We are taking steps to change the law so that no company can be forced out of its premises due to loss of income.
Small business rate relief and rural rate relief
The government has announced that it will make available additional funding to local authorities to support those that already pay little or no business rates because of small business rate relief [SBBR]. “This will provide a one-off grant of £10,000 to businesses currently eligible for SBRR or rural rate relief, to help meet their ongoing business costs.”
- If your business gets SBRR or rural rate relief, your local authority will contact you – you don’t need to apply.
What if I cannot pay my tax bills?
- If you’re worried that your business won’t have enough cash to pay tax it owes to HMRC – as a result of Covid-19 – the government is advising you to call HMRC’s dedicated helpline on 0800 0159 559.
- Staffed by some “2,000 experienced call handlers”, the helpline operates from Monday to Friday 8am to 8pm and Saturday 8am to 4pm (charges apply).
- Your business may be able to come to a Time To Pay (TTP) agreement with HMRC, meaning self assessment payments deferred from July 2020, and those due in January 2021, will now not need to be paid until January 2022. Read our guide – Coronavirus: what if my small business can’t pay its tax bill?
- Any businesses who deferred VAT payments during 2020 will be able to pay their bill in smaller instalments. According to GOV.UK: “Rather than paying a lump sum in full at the end of March 2021, they will be able to make 11 smaller interest-free payments during the 2021-22 financial year.”
What about filing company accounts?
Companies House has confirmed that any companies unable to file their accounts on time due to Covid-19, can make an application to extend the period allowed for filing by up to three months. Making an application is essential as any late filing companies will still receive an automatic penalty if they fail to do this. However, Companies House has stated any companies issued with a late filing penalty due to Covid-19 will have appeals treated sympathetically.
Companies House has also confirmed it will be temporarily easing its strike-off activity for late-filing companies. For more information on the above and guidance on how to file documents online visit GOV.UK.
Privately available help
Help from major UK lenders appears to be readily available for micro, small and medium sized businesses, with Lloyds Banking Group offering £2bn of assistance, HSBC and NatWest both providing £5bn each and lenders such as Barclays, Santander and the Co-operative Bank all offering assistance to their business customers.
It is not just lenders who have been providing assistance. Large businesses are playing their part too. For example, supermarket Morrisons has confirmed it will be pay all its suppliers with a turnover below £1m immediately instead of between 14 and 30 days as was its standard practice.
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